Hobson’s Choice Essay

Maggie. Yes, Maggie†¦ You’re growing on me lass. ‘ In act three we see that the wedding reception is a small and simple one. This tells the audience that Maggie is not one for wasting money and does not mind having the party in the cellars. As the play moves on, the audience starts to see a change in Willie, You’re making a great mistake, Mr. Hobson. ‘ Willie also starts to take the upper hand with Hobson, ‘Sit down, Mr. Hobson. ‘ The change in him is all down to Maggie; she has pride in Willie and believes in him. Their marriage is originally more of a business arrangement but it starts to ecome more of marriage of equal partners. When Hobson comes over to seek help, Maggie is sure to talk to Will first, Will it’s my father. Is he to come in? Maggie and Will work together to make Hobson feel ashamed of his drinking and lead him into giving marriage settlements to her younger sisters. The audience will warm to Maggie over the way he skilfully gets her own back on her father. When Maggie deals with her father’s â€Å"problem†, she is in control and the audience, clearly see that she and Will are working together as a team, ‘Do you think it will get in the paper Maggie?†¦ Yes, for sure. ‘ Will has come a long way as he was previously described as ‘stunted mentally by a brutalised childhood. ‘ Even though Maggie’s plan has gone well in getting Hobson to give the settlement money over as a fine for trespassing, she shows that she cares for her sisters. Maggie does not let Albert Prosser take the thousand pounds he originally asks for, You needn’t be greedy. ‘ She also threatens to counter-sue and confirms the original settlement of five hundred pounds. We see a softer more sentimental side of Maggie when she throws away the hot ouse flowers but keeps one to press in her bible. To finish the act, Brighouse returns to the comedy of when Will has to be led to bed ‘by the ear. ‘ Although Maggie is clearly in charge in this respect, it contains an element of affection and humour plus this would also make her character a likeable one. At the start of Act Four, we see that Hobson is ill. Tubby tries to help by suggesting for Maggie to come over. ‘Shall I go for Miss Maggie sir? The opinion is agreed by the doctor, ‘l don’t know who this Maggie is, but I prescribe her. ‘ When Maggie and her sisters find that Hobson needs looking after, Vickey and Alice try to get Maggie to do it. Alice says, ‘I don’t think I can be expected to come back to this after what IVe been used to. ‘ Hobson tries to offer an unfair, mean deal to Maggie and Will to take care of him but Maggie quickly says, ‘If he goes, I go with him father,’ as the bribe is poor. The audience notice how Will has become a true gentleman with the help from Maggie, You’re the man IVe made you and I’m proud. When Will tries to replace Maggie’s brass ring for a gold one, Maggie does not ish to give it up. That brass ring stays where you put it. ‘ This shows the audience a sense of sentimentality. The play ends with Hobson as a sleeping partner, in Will’s business. Will, amazed, closes the act and the play with the words, W ell by gum! ‘ At the end of the play, the audience sees that Maggie as more of a likeable character. She is portrayed, by Brighouse, as a successful businesswoman – strange for a lady in her point in time. Brighouse shows Maggie can be fair and compassionate with other characters.

One Laptop Per Child Essay

1. Why are Microsoft, Intel, and other leading for profit companies interested in low-cost computers for the developing world? In 2005, Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of MIT’s Media Labs, announced the One Laptop per Child (OLPC) program at the World Economic Forum. The concept was simple and appealing. Innovate a $100 laptop and distribute it to children in the developing world’s governments. The vision was for bridging the digital divide between developed and developing nations. The OLPC was a nonprofit project for the developing nation’s school going students’ for their better education. The OLPC created buzz from its first day of announcement for its low cost and its non profit initiative for developing country’s children. Though the company like Microsoft and Intel is leading profit for organization they interested in OLPC project. Because the project was for the developing countries school going student who don’t have enough opportunity to learn like developed county’s children and don’t have ability to afford the technology device for higher price. So as the leading organization Microsoft and Intel have the social responsibility for the developing country’s children and they also see the opportunity to do social welfare with establishing branding in people minds. On the other hand the OLPC was started with their rivalry organization like Linux and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). So if the OLPC project succeeds the organization like Linux and AMD can create threat for their leading monopoly business. So from their social responsibility point of view and for the marketing of their own brand names into people minds they interested in low cost computes for the developing world. 2. Do you agree with Negroponte’s decision to partner with Microsoft? Yes I do agree with the Negroponte’s Partnership decision with company like Microsoft which is very much trusted and reliable name in this computer sector for their operating system and software. The OLPC project was an ambitious vision for Negroponte to educate the developing world’s school going children by providing low cost laptop computer. As he announced the lap top will be low cost and price will be the $ 100 dollar for each so he uses the Linux operating system which is non-proprietary and available for free to anyone who wants to use. But it didn’t work, In 2008 OLPC faced disappointing sales because the country’s like Libya and Nigeria who pledges to buy about one million for each country’s people both backed off those pledges and the cost increase $180 to $190 range. So the brand name like Linux was not reliable for the mass population of the world and they felt insecure with that operating system. On the other hand some potential buyers worried about the lack of Microsoft’s windows operating system. So as the OLPC didn’t succeed the way it was estimated so Negroponte needed to collaborate with the Microsoft to increase its sales and add more customer satisfaction by the Microsoft brand name. 3. Assess the thinking behind the â€Å"give one, get one† promotion. Do you think this is a good marketing tactic? In November 2007, in an effort to increase production, OLPC announced the promotion of† Give One, Get One†. The OLPC team started this promotion to grab the market attention of their nonprofit ambitious project. Because prior to the initiative’s launch, the OLPC had been a fascinating demonstration of hardware and software ingenuity, but actual unit sales and donations had been far smaller than originally predicted. The G1G1 program was designed to change that, offering individual consumers the chance to buy two laptops for $399. Though the tactic of â€Å"Give One, Get One† is aggressive marketing strategies in order to gain market share and capitalize on its competitive strengths. Though the aggressive marketing tactic like Give one, Get One always not good for the all types of products. But the OLPC project had strong competent like Intel Classmate. So to grab the attention of mass people and gain maximum market share and achieve the goal of developing country’s poor children education this marketing tactic was good for the project. Because OLPC announced two weeks give one get one promotion first but for its huge response to the markets they increased their promotional offer time.

American Colonies

The American Revolution can be considered as the most important event within American history. Through this event, a collection of colonies transformed themselves into a unified government and society, one that embarked on the longest and most successful demonstration of democracy in world history. During the 18th century, England and France were embroiled in a series of wars that were ultimately meant to establish one or the other as the dominant European force. The first three wars had no true impact on the colonies, but the last war – the French and Indian War – would lead to a huge change in the relationship between the colonies and England. During the early years of the war, prior to 1758, the colonists continued trading with the French while refusing to contribute money to the British war effort. The first problem was solved through the efforts of the William Pitt, Prime Minister of England. He offered to reimburse the latter for part of any war expenses they incurred on behalf of England. The second issue resolved itself through victories the English had in Canada and the Caribbean. Unfortunately, the English did not realize that their war policies would end up putting their realm in severe debt. Once it was realized, however, it opened the door for reform programs that would ultimately push the American colonies to seek independence from England. Following William Pitt as Prime Minister were several men, all of whom tried to enforce strict laws on the American colonies with the goals of replenishing the English treasury and reestablishing English authority over the colonies. The first of these men was George Grenville, who became Prime Minister following William Pitt. Grenville assessed the situation in the following manner: the colonies had an extremely light tax burden as compared to that being endured by the English; therefore, it would be logical for the prosperous colonies to share in the expenses that had been racked up trying to defend and protect them. Grenville further discovered how lax the royal customs service in the American colonies was. This, combined with the need for England to replenish its treasury, lead to the implementation of several acts that would meet with ever increasing anger and protest on the part of the American colonists. First, Grenville saw to it that the Navigation Acts that had been ignored for so long were now implemented to the last letter. Next was the passage of the Sugar Act in 1764, which put new taxes on foreign imports such as wine, textiles, coffee, indigo, and sugar. The goal behind this particular tax was to bring in enough money to offset the expenses of â€Å"defending, protecting and securing† (Shi Tindall, 2007) the colonies. Following the Sugar Act was the Currency Act of 1764, which put a stop to the colonies printing their own paper money. Following the implementation of the Sugar Act was the Stamp Act of 1765. This act stated that all printed material within the colonies had to had a revenue stamp on them. The final act implemented by Grenville was the Quartering Act, which applied to all colonies, but most seriously affected New York. It required that soldiers of the British army be given lodging within the homes of any colonial family at any given time. In the minds of the colonists, all these various acts infringed on their rights. They strongly believed that England had no right to tax them if the colonists had no representation within the English Parliament. Therefore, each act that was passed was met with great protest and outrage within the colonies. Eventually, the slogan that could be heard throughout the colonies was: â€Å"No taxation without representation† (Shi Tindall, 2007). The outrage over the various acts, particularly the Sugar and Stamp Acts, ultimately led to the downfall of Grenville, and the repeal of these two offensive acts. However, Grenville’s successor went down the same path in passing the Townshend Acts. These laws were intended to bring the colonies, particularly New York, to heel. Instead, they simply increased colonial resentment and resistance. Yet, the level of resentment and resistance varied among the colonists. John Adams stated during the first Continental Congress that, with regard to where the colonists stood on independence, one third were for independence, one third were against independence, and the final third were undecided. Adams was extremely accurate in this statement. From the start, there had been a select group of colonists that agitated for immediate independence in response to the way Parliament and England treated them. Just as adamant were a group who believed that the colonies owed everything to England, and therefore, could not see breaking away from England as a good thing. Finally, there was the group who could not decide either way. Like all undecided groups, they could see valid points on each side of the issue, but were unable to make a definitive choice. Ultimately, one of the deciding factors that rallied all the colonists to approve gaining independence from England was Thomas Paine’s Common Sense. In this pamplet, Paine outlined points that the majority of the colonists agreed with. He did not just attack Parliament, but also the concept of monarchy. For Paine, the responsibility for the troubles in the colonies did not just lay at the feet of Parliament, but also at the feet of King George III himself. Paine used his pamphlet to present the following conclusion: â€Å"Americans should consult their own interests, abandon George III, and declare their independence† (Shi Tindall, 2007). Another aspect that unified the majority of American colonists in seeking independence was the outbreak of war in Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts. These two battles occurred before a formal break with England had been pronounced. The fact that English soldiers would attempt to initiate warfare with the colonists before they had even completely decided on breaking away from England was more than enough evidence that England did not have any consideration for the colonial point of view. Therefore, the formal break England thought would never occur did occur via the writing and proclaiming of the Declaration of Independence in July of 1776. Overall, the American Revolution occurred for one reason: it was the right time and moment to establish country that ruled in a manner completely different from the norm of monarchy. Many of those watching the Revolution unfold believed it was nothing more than an experiment in the misguided concept of democracy that would ultimately fail. Yet, that it did not fail is a testament to the hard work of and constant discussing and debating of the issues by the colonists. They took what they felt was best from monarchical government and adapted it to fit into a new, democratic form of government and society, one in which all inhabitants of that society would have a say in the governing of that society. This is the legacy of the American Revolution: the ability of Americans to utilize the democratic process in governing of America. Shi, David Emory and Tindall, George Brown. America: A Brief Narrative History- Volume One. New York: W.W. Norton Company, 2007.

American Natural History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

American Natural History - Essay Example These eras are characterized in the essay based on the environmental situation of the Americas and its ways of improving the nature. Lastly, a comparison of the previous and past concepts of improving the nature will also be briefly discussed in this essay. The Colonial Period The Columbian Era October (1492-1502) The highlight of the environmental history of the United States started with Columbus’ arrival in San Salvador. Changes in the Land, written by William Cronon, documented how Columbus’ and other colonists’ arrival marked the beginning of people’s different attitude towards the environment. Columbus’ â€Å"Columbian Exchange† made possible the exchanges of diseases, plants, animals, and others that strengthened the link between Europe and America (Magoc 6). Loss of lives was a result of the natives’ willingness and active participation in trading. Mercantilism, which entails the extraction of natural resources for trading, exi sted between the native Indians and the colonists. By saying so, the gradual destruction of the native Indians’ environment was a result of their willingness in forging trading with the colonists which entails extraction of anything that can be exchanged to the Europeans. In other words, the natives were not forced to engage in trading; they simply did what they think could serve their needs. The precolonial and colonial period were marked by an abundance of natural resources, or as Cronon suggests, â€Å"limitless and overflowing† resources (168). The natives believe that their resources are endless, but the arrival of the Europeans made their beliefs changed. The colonists instilled in them the idea that nature’s abundance is limited. Nature, by all means, can be altered, diminished, or affected depending on how and to what extent the resources are used. Furthermore, land ownership has also altered the way the natives view possessions. The Europeans made them believe that even lands can be traded. The natives’ relationship with the land is a transient one, something that made them utilized the land based on how much it can provide them in a given period of time. What they believed to be traded with the colonists is not the land itself, but the rights associated with its use, such as the rights to till and hunt. However, that is not how the Europeans viewed mercantilism. This is enough to say that complacency and confidence towards the Europeans eventually started the destruction of the environment. Using land to trade is environmentally devastating because no one knows how it is going to be utilized. Altering them for mercantilism purposes destructs the whole naturality of the land. Worse, when one gets benefits from the land after a commercial venture, he or she is not satisfied and wants even more from changing the land. Humans are innately not contented creatures. The evidence, as documented by Cronon, was the European’s demand for fur bearing animals and beaver. As a result, beaver’s population diminished and affected the ecological balance. In Cronon’s words, â€Å"Beaver dams provided a natural alteration of the ecosystem. Eliminating the dam makers meant recreating the environment† (107). When there were acres of arable land, colonists also flocked the area, and this created a

Personal Statment Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Statment - Personal Statement Example This served as the turning point of my career path. After finishing my military services, I started working at Paldo advertisement firm with a view to learn fundamental company systems and organization. During my off-work hours, I did home trading in the stock market, and I rapidly became attracted to the stock market. This was primarily because the stock market showed me how people think, move and how the economy performs on a daily basis. The stock market has an intricate relationship with the sale of products and services, and this further appealed to me and sparked my interest (Arco 56). However, I encountered immense difficulties in chart reading exercises, which pushed me to study it in the US. My greatest strength lies in my ability to decipher information on the stock market reports, as well as think rationally in light of such information. I am also pleased with my academic achievements, as well as my professional work experiences. Between May and December 2006, I attended Samyook University in Seoul, South Korea where I studied leisure sports and physical education. This education proved worthwhile during my stint at the military. I served in the military service as an ai r force between January of 2007 and March 2009. During this time, I worked under the specialty Military Police and VIP escort security where I served dignitaries such as the Korean president, former US president George W. Bush and prime ministers from many countries. After completing my military services, I joined Paldo advertising firm where I obtained immense experience in business operations and behavior. My interest in business grew while working at Paldo advertising. In order to enhance by business understanding, I decided to travel to the US for further studies. Therefore, between March 2010 and November 2010, I studied English through the English as a

Marketing for nonprofit organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing for nonprofit organisation - Essay Example Marketing scholars have similarly contended that the aforementioned only functions as an obstacle to public sector organisation's capacity for the design and, more importantly, implementation and adherence to marketing strategies and plans. Even though management and marketing scholars have tended towards the critical perception of public and non-profit organisations, others insist that these perceptions are, to a large extent, both outdated and misinformed. Certainly, many public and non-profit organisations tend towards the aforementioned characteristics but, many others do not. The failure of some marketing and management scholars to recognise this is an outcome of their own misconceptions regarding public and non-profit organisational models and structures and does not, necessarily, reflect the reality. Indeed, marketing scholars have proposed that the capacity of public and non-profit organisations to succeed, to respond to external environmental conditions and to achieve their strategic objectives is, to a large degree, predicated on the presence, versus absence, of a well-formulated marketing strategy. This is also the position that this research adopts and which it shall seek to establish through focus on Oxfam, a non-profit UK charitable organisation. By formulating a strategic marketing plan for Oxfam, the research shall establish that indeed, the key to organisational success is often, at least partially, dependant on a well-designed marketing plan. Company Overview: Oxfam The Oxford Committee for Famine relief, popularly known as Oxfam, was established in 1942, in the wake of the Nazi occupation of Greece, France and other European nations. From the outset, the organisation's objectives were specifically humanitarian and, more precisely, focused on the relief of hunger and famine aid. While it is a UK charitable organisation, its activities are global, seeking the address of famine and poverty wherever it may be found, irrespective of region, country or geographic and cultural boundaries (History of Oxfam,' 2007). In order to attain its objectives, Oxfam primarily relies on individual and private sector charitable donations. The proposition being forwarded in this research is, within the context of a global environment which is replete with charitable organisations, many of whom operate on a global level, accessing donations and accumulating the requisite resources for the fulfilment of strategic objectives is, more often than not, difficult. Quite simply stated, there is extreme competition, with the key to success being a marketing plan as which centralises the organisation in the minds/consciousness of potential donors. Research Methodology The study relies on two data collection methods. The first is secondary sources, or relevant literature, both academic as found in journal

Concert Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Concert Report - Essay Example Milonga de Angel was a deviation from the conventional style of milongas in that it was a really slow tango. Another example of a milonga that is slow like Milonga de Angel is Milonga Triste by Sebastian Piana. Astor Piazzola made the milonga rhythm an integral component of his individualistic style that reflected in the song. Astor Piazzola has essentially infused a rhythmic pattern of 3+3+2 which tends to give a new dimension to the milonga rhythm. Milonga de Angel is one of the most popular songs of Astor Piazzola which attracted immense American following. It was a tango performance. Instruments used for the music of this song included accordion, guitar and piano. It was one of the slowest pieces of tango music that I have heard in my life. Although the instrument was played with perfection, yet the overall feel that it lent to me was boring. It was a slothful song and the overall effect was lost in the excessive use of instruments. The performers did their job in the perfect manner. The performers were so well prepared for this song that it felt as if they had been practicing it for years. It is not quite easy to perform such a slow song live on-stage, but the perfection with which they presented it provided evidence of their practice and hard work. One of the instruments that seemed particularly difficult to play was the accordion, but the performers were too well prepared to make any error. While performing, the performers did not communicate with the audience and were rather totally focused on the music, which was one factor that made this concert different and special than the conventional concerts in which the performers engage with the audiences from time to time to keep their interest and zeal elevated. Despite that, the audiences never seemed to lose interest which speaks of the quality of performance. The audiences enjoyed the performance a lot. Frequently in between the songs, some people randomly would be overcome with

Holistic Care of Older Adults Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Holistic Care of Older Adults - Research Paper Example cant events Relationships Work and home Summary statements Organization/quality (Total 10 points) Older adult identified with initials only (2 points) Key information present (7 points) Well-organized/brief (maximum 1 page) (1 point) Sketchy, missing some information (5 points) Older adult’s name used (0 points) Missing critical information (2 points) Lacks continuity or is too wordy/long (0 points) Analysis of Life Review Goal and benefits of Life Review Similarity to remembering Difference from remembering Erikson Developmental Stage Description of client Ego integrity rating (1-10) Rationale for rating Citations regarding Erikson’s theory (Total 45 points) 4+ benefits (10 points) Comparison with 2+ examples (10 points) Contrast with 2+ examples (6 points) Theory with 2 specific examples (10 points) Rating present and plausible (3 points) Rationale clear from example (3 points) 1+ reference in text (3 points) 2-3 benefits (7 points) Comparison with 1 example (5 points ) Contrast with 1 example (3 points) Theory with 1 specific example (8 points) 0-1 benefits (0-2 points) Comparison without examples (3 points) No comparison (0 points) Contrast without examples or no contrast (0 points) Loose connection between theory and client (3 points); Missing description of theory or no connection (0 points) Rating missing or implausible (0 points) Rationale unclear or example missing (0 points) No references in text (0 points) Reflections Value and reason Most significant point of interview Difficult/anguishing part Impact on clinical practice Personal legacy (Total 14 points) Statement(s) with 1+ reason(s) (3 points) Example(s) with 1+ reason(s) (3 points) Example(s) with 1+ reason(s) or statement of none (3 points) Example(s) with 1+ reason(s) (3 points) Definition,... D.A. is an 88 year old white male living with his wife and two grandsons in Forest Hill, Texas. He was born in Anniston, Alabama the third born of four children. After the demise of his father, D.A’s mother moved them to Abilene, Texas. His childhood was tough following his father’s demise and his mother lack of a better job. His education, however, was secured due to his best grades, which landed him several scholarships. He became a high school teacher in Abilene, where he also met his wife and was blessed with three children. He had not experienced significant illness in his life apart from one time when he was diagnosed with Tuberculosis at age 63, but he was able to get the right treatment. Aside from his childhood family struggles D.A. is content that, he has lived a good and successful life. Analysis of the Life Review Interview Through science, we are able to learn that the human body undergoes various changes as we age. This knowledge is necessary to the nursing profession as it offers more information on how nursing care should be assessed, planned, and delivered (Nursing Center, 2013). In the current health care setting, nurses are caring for more adults, aged 65 and above, more than any other age group. This situation, therefore, requires that more nurses be equipped with extra knowledge and skills; to be able to care for this population. This however poses a huge problem as less than one percent of nurses are taught these skills in school (Nursing Center, 2013).

How effectively are uel undergraduates planning their future lives and Essay

How effectively are uel undergraduates planning their future lives and careers - Essay Example Introduction University of East London has more than 28,000 students from 120 countries. This study is meant to examine just how effective the undergraduates are planning their future lives and careers. All students come to the school in order to make a bright future for their selves. And the best way to achieve it is to equip them with that knowledge that will help them in future. Education in the institution is to act as a tool to for them to use to conquer their future. Following concerns that most of the students leave the institution with good grades but when they get out there they do not do well in the jobs, I had to do a research and see if there was any foundation on this. Another concern is that well the students’ take a long time to build up the courage to do the jobs they are called for due to lack of confidence in their selves after graduating. The study is therefore to give information on how the undergraduates are planned as far as their future lives and careers are concerned. This study is important because the results in the study will be used to restructure the way teaching is conducted so as to help those who are still in the institution not to experience the same problem after graduating. The study thus will show the way to be followed in helping the students plan effectively. There has never been conducted a research on how effective the students are the undergraduates planning their future careers and lives up to date. The closest to this was a research on how the students have been performing in their lives after school and especially job-wise. Therefore there is a big gap for research to be conducted on the topic. And another thing is that there are no theories or books which could be used to back-up the study. And if by any chance there was, obviously the study would have been from a different institution and on a different time period which would have been irrelevant. For that case, primary sources of information is the only sou rce that can provide the needed information for the study. To date this will be the first ever study and the current study help us understand how effective the UEL undergraduates are planning for their future lives and careers. Material and methods The study on the topic is the first on to be ever conducted and for that case it was necessary that primary sources of information to be used. I decided to use interview and questionnaires. Interview: On the interview I conducted, I choose to pick a maximum of 20 students. The 20 students that I choose are those that were willing and had volunteered to be interviewed regarding the topic. 14 of the interviewees were male and 6 were female. The reason I decided to use an interview in order to obtain the information I neede

Financial perspective Essay Example for Free

Financial perspective Essay As seen balanced scorecards does not totally disregard financial measures of performance. Thus, timely and accurate data is essential to the successful implementation of balanced scorecard. This implies that handling and processing of financial data should be swift and centralize perhaps fully automated. The financial data should be integrated with corporate databases and especially data regarding risk assessment and cost benefit analysis (Stewart, 2000). Learning and growth perspective This category recognizes that people are the only repositions of knowledge i. e. people posses intangible assets of the company. In this information age intelligence is the heart of organization success and hence Ned to ensure continuous learning through employee training. This is because technology changes rapidly as aloes people exiting an organization for greener pastures. (Lipe Salterio, 2000) As a result, corporations’ culture and attitude need to be shaped to ensure that people within the organization pursue self-improvement and reverse brain drain to other companies. The cost of recruitment and training people is usually high and measures of allocating the funds to reap maximum benefits need to be developed. Knowledge sharing is equally important. Notably not all training translates to learning but the most effective learning occurs, using mentors and group discussions and communication within the organization. Intranets may contribute towards facilitating communication and learning (Norton, 2001) Process perspective This category identifies two kinds of process within the business one, the mission oriented processes and two the support process. Support processes are repetitive in nature and nature and hence easier to measure on the other hand mission oriented involve government offices and hence difficult to measure. Attention to these perspectives enables managers to know how well the operations of the business are and whether they are in tandem with customer requirements and expectations. (Kaplan Norton, 1996) Problems associated with financial measures. The move to adopt the balanced scorecard at Intel has been triggered by the inefficiency of financial measures to link corporate strategy and goals to measurement it ahs been difficult for Intel to link the strategies used in say marketing and advertising campaigns to the effects or anticipated results. Thus a shortfall in gauging performance has been experienced.. As pointed out, Intel faces strong competition from Microsoft and there has been to re-strategize its operations in order to gain competitive advantage and adopt with the changing technology. The previously used financial measures are outdated as the PC industry how shifted from the industrial age to become more knowledge based. White previously, Intel management of the company’s property equipments and plant was adequate to accord the company competitive edge, now a days the intangible asset i. e. the employee’s knowledge plays a great role in ensuring that Intel stays ahead of its game. The company’s income statements, and balance sheets are still used to capture revenues and profits but they still account very little to the company’s market value hence the need for balance scorecard. The balanced scorecard becomes handy for Intel to link its strategy i. e. deploying its intangible assets to the company’s goal i. e. dominate the PC industry. The problem of financial measures utilized at Intel is its failure to measure how effective customer relationship operating process product innovation skill of the workforce culture and other variables are in contributing to the company’s goal of maintaining lead in the PC industry. The financial measures i. e. balance sheets and incomes statements fail to assist management describe its asset and link it to strategy and goal. The pitfall of this measure is that without a clear description of the situation and the company’s possessions in terms of assets then it is difficult to know what to manage or measure. Recommended design and implementation of Intel’s balance scorecard Intel balance scorecard design will incorporate strategy aimed at increasing the company’s revenues by twenty percent in a period of 18 months. In order to do so the balance scorecard components will be used in designing the strategy. The invaluable contribution of the employees at Intel is recognized in this design. They contribute indirectly to the company’s revenue investment in the employees will improve their functional competence and hence lead to better quality products and innovations hence greater customer satisfaction. This satisfaction in turn will translate to higher sales and thus increase in revenue and profit margins. Rewards systems for hardworking employees will be given in form of cash incentives and recognition awards. More importantly, dead wood employees will not be retained in the company, as they are liabilities to the company. The workplace culture and climate will also be representative of the company’s goal; hence performance appraisals will also be used to boost hard work. The no-office policy at Intel will be retained in order to ensure equality among the company’s employees. Communication and knowledge sharing will be boosted by upping Intel intranets and using monthly meetings in departments to achieve this end. Intel will have to upgrade its internal processes to improve its customers and shareholders satisfactions hence achieve revenue. The way to do this will be by availing its microprocessors speedily to its customer’s at the time when needed. Intel will need to keep track of releases of operating systems by software hence increase sales and revenues. Intel should also develop new products and services that are relevant to meeting customers’ wants and needs. Perhaps, there is need to identify new markets in order to broaden its customers base also promote satisfaction among customers. Grievances and complaints will handle with immediacy and accuracy. Additionally, Total quality management and zero tolerance production techniques will be used in its manufacturing plant to ensure that consignment delivered to customers have zero defects. Intel will also ensure that it exercises social responsibility and that its activities benefit the greater society and don’t harm the immediate environment. The customers’ perspectives components of Intel balance scorecard will work towards creating a image of value and distinction in its customers. Intel will achieve this by incorporating a mix of different products and service that uniquely identify the customers to the company. Intel will sustain intimacy with its customers by being a representative of the customers’ diverse traits. It will ensure indiscriminate customers service to customers regardless of race, gender or religion its branding and advertisement campaigns will be acceptable to the customers. Intel will employ competitive pricing to attract and retain customers. At the same time Intel will assure great performance and auxiliary features in its products so that customers get value for their money, hence boost revenue. Delivery lead times will equally be reduced by half in order to encourage customers to buy more from them. The financial position of Intel will be influenced by the effects o customer’s internal process and the learning perspectives of the company’s workforce. Ultimately, if the positive changes on these sections are effected then the company will realize profitability and increased revenues. In effect, the company’s value in the eye of the shareholder will also improve, more to that; an increase in company assets value will be evident.

Nursing Practices of Alternative Medicine

Nursing Practices of Alternative Medicine Mental Health: Integrative Care Lauren Lane Katie Palmer Integrative care encompasses the nursing practices of alternative medicine. This includes acupuncture, aromatherapy, guided imagery, and many more types of therapies. These therapies are usually centered on the individual patient, and holistically address their variety of needs, including physical, mental, and spiritual foci (Halter, 2014, p 637). We will address nonconventional treatments and explore the different approaches, safety, and nursing care associated with integrative care practices. It is only recently that the United State’s western views of medicine have expanded to include complementary medicine. Western medicine is based on a more scientific approach with highly controlled experiments and research. Complementary medicine comes from mostly non-western sources and is based on nature and its interplay with energy (Halter, 2014, p 638). There was two billion dollars awarded to complementary research in 2011 and the studies results showed that we could neither prove nor disprove complementary medicines worth as a healing tool. There are many who do believe that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) helps them. According to halter, 38% of adults and 12% of children use some type of CAM therapy (Halter, 2014, p 639). It is more widely used among women and mostly used for musculoskeletal problems. We have yet to discover the full effects and responses to CAM, which is still a complicated and controversial matter for the healthcare field. Some of the reasons patients are so attracted to CAM is that it allows them to take action in their own care. CAM also has lower risks than many therapeutic approaches and drug regimens. It is less expensive and provides an alternative to conventional medicine when they are out of options or may have previously had negative experiences with western medicine. As nurses, we can be informed about CAM and help consumers to make smart decisions to complement or give alternatives to routine therapeutic approaches. Our biggest concerns are safety. CAM is still unregulated and not guaranteed to work. Many consumers believe what they read on the Internet even though it may not be accurate information. Just because a supplement is natural or organic doesn’t mean that it is harmless. These natural supplements need to assessed and monitored just like a medication. We also face patients that put off treatment and self treat with alternative therapies that may or may not help their conditions, especially in cases of mental health issues (Halter, 2014, p 640). As costs rise for conventional medicine in the United States, more and more consumers are moving toward alternative therapies. Only some of the alternative therapies are covered by insurance, and this is going to depend on what type of insurance the patient has, or if they have insurance at all. There is a large claim that CAM’s proposed effects are only due to the placebo effect (Halter, 2014, p 640). This is when a type of therapy works for an individual to some degree when the therapy is actually nothing; a placebo. Many believe this is due to the optimism and positive approach to CAM that can often occur. The American Nurses Association (ANA) recognizes integrative care in the profession of holistic nursing. This is an approach that involves the person as a whole, and their biocultural influences. It allows the nurse to view the patient as more than a sum of their parts and all the dimensions that can affect that individuals well being (Halter, 2014, p 642). Nutrition is a very big part of a person’s well being, and has been widely researched. Many people with illnesses can benefit from diet and nutrition changes; research shows that a diabetic patient benefits from a diabetic diet and lower glycemic index foods. Alternative therapies involving nutrition take this same approach to aid in treatment for a variety of disorders. For example, many people believe gluten free diets help children diagnosed with autism, but there has been no concrete evidence to support that claim. There are a lot of diet therapies associated with depression and other psychiatric disorders. Vitamins, supplements, and herbs are some examples of potential alternative therapies one might chose. Many of these can interact with medications and should be initially assessed in every patient. The patient may not recognize that they need to tell the healthcare provider or nurse that they are taking these alternative supplements and need to be asked specifically. There are many common types of integrative therapy that are common to society today. Herbal therapy includes the uses of herbs like St. Johns wort, which is used for pain and mood stabilization. Ginkgo biloba is another common herb that is used for memory. Many of these have side effects and interactions just like any other medication and should be treated as such. Meditation is a mind and body therapy that involves focusing and deep breathing, which is used to help calm the person. Acupuncture uses needles at pressure points to relieve pain and many other disorders (Halter, 2014, p 644). Aromatherapy is a popular therapy using essential oils on the skin or with a diffuser to target senses that results in a variety of effects such as calming, sleep, energizing and so on. Energy therapies such a Reiki are an expanding alternative therapy that nurses can take classes in. This requires energy manipulation and therapeutic touch as a means to heal and bring wellness to a person depending on their chief complaints. There are many different patients that can benefit from these therapies. Dominantly, psychiatric patients seem to use alternative therapies more than those of any other disorder or illness (Halter, 2014, p 644-645). Depression and anxiety are the main focus. When caring for these patients we would want to make sure we assess the patient for use of alternative therapies, this includes supplements, herbs, and other preferred methods of therapy. This may include doing a cultural assessment of our patient, who may prefer or already be performing alternative therapies based on their beliefs of medicine and health. Diagnosis for this patient might consist of cultural implications like the balance and harmony of nature with the body. In planning and implementing our patient’s care we will want to be sensitive to their preferences of therapy and their cultural values. This could entail a patient with different religious values, like a Jehovah witness who does not accept blood products. When western interventions are not accepted due to religious values, alternative therapies could ne used when planning their care. Alternative therapy may also not be the only therapy being implemented. It can complement medication regimens or other types of western-based therapies, such as the patient undergoing cancer treatment and also taking part in meditation and yoga. Nurses need to assess patients for interactions and different side effects when a patient is using integrative therapies. Not only do nurses need to assess the medication effects but they also need to evaluate for patient outcomes. Is the alternative therapy helping the patient? How does the patient perceive the therapy? Is this therapy safe? These are important aspects to think about when undergoing the nursing process with alternative therapy practices. Overall, alternative therapies are becoming more widely popular due to rising costs and limits of western medicine. Alternative therapy has become a common aspect of the nursing assessment and may coincide with cultural or religious views. Psychiatric patients tend to most use alternative therapies and should be considered along with their care (Halter, 2014, p 647). By being aware, informed, and knowledgeable of integrative care nurses can best serve patients holistically and maximize their safety and wellness. References Halter, M. J. (2014) Varcarolis, Foundations of psychiatric mental health nursing: A clinical approach, 7th ed. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier.

Essay --

Somewhere in August last year, around the date when anti-superstition crusader NarendraDhaborkar was killed, two women were killed in a remote village in Assam’s Kokrajhar district by villagers who suspected them of practising witchcraft. A 70-year-old woman and her 42-year-old daughter-in-law were killed by a large number of village women, who accused the duo of practising witchcraft in June 2013 in Ranchi. A 50-year-old womanFuloTopono and her 30-year-old daughter Suggidaughter were hacked to death in Khunti district in Ranchi in November 2013 for allegedly practising witchcraft. These are just few examples which found a mention in the English newspapers of our country. Of late the branding of women as witches and subjecting them to horrendous and irrational torture has been on a rise. The juxtaposition of this practise laced with superstition with the rapid modernisation in the rest of the country and the technological progress is hair-raising. A National Crime Records Bureau report quotes that a total of 1,157 women have been killed for witchcraft in Jharkhand between 1991 and ...

Prostitution in the 19th and 20th Centuries Essay -- Prostitute Prosti

During the late 19th- and early 20th century, the nature of society forced the working class women of America to take advantage of any means to support themselves, including prostitution. Each woman had to decide herself which work option best supported her financially. During this time, women had limited options as far as work was concerned. As time went on, more and more women were forced to work, because they had no husband and no other means of building up a dowry for a husband. By 1910 the wage labor force was made up of about 20% of women as young as fourteen. The wages these women earned were unbelievably low, and at times as much as 80% lower than the wages men earned. Possible job opportunities for the women included options such as a textile factory, which consisted of clothing and fabric production. In these factories, the women ran high risks to their health. More wealthy people would hire these women for domestic services such as nannies, or house servants. These jobs sometimes required the woman to live at that residence, and the women ran the constant risk of being molested by a higher-class ranking individual. Department stores were also willing to hire women. However, the set-back to this type of work was that the women we re sometimes expected to purchase expensive dress up clothing that most of the time they couldn’t afford. The women were advised to â€Å"round out their meager salaries by finding a ‘†gentleman friend†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ to purchase clothing and pleasures†(Peiss, 79). Prostitution was a reliable work engagement that many women participated in. Why did the women feel this was their best option? Several critical, attractive benefits that only prostitution offered contributed to women’s’ choice of ... ...dle-class reform women could have reversed their movements from the women, and turned them toward the men who were putting the prostitutes in business. Those prostitutes could not have been prostitutes if it were not for the eager men paying them for it. However, perhaps a reason this was not done was because the reform women did not have the means to do something as drastic as this because they were, after all, women in a time of man control. Women did not have the same leisurely rights to do as they pleased that men had. I feel that both the reform women and the working-class prostitutes had reasonable bounds for what they fought for. I think that if women had had the rights that men did, prostitution may never have existed. Therefore, personally I blame the men for neglecting women rights, and forcing them to find other, less moral ways to support themselves.

No Clear Link Between TV Violence and Aggression Essay -- Television,

No Clear Link Between Television Violence and Aggression    There is a great deal of speculation on the role of television violence in childhood aggression.   Research demonstrates there may be other intervening variables causing aggression.   These variables include IQ, social class, parental punishment, parental aggression, hereditary, environmental, and modeling.   With all of these factors to taken into consideration it is difficult to determine a causal relationship between television violence and aggression.   It is my hypothesis this relationship is bi-directional - violent television causes aggressive behavior and aggressive people tend to watch more violent television.    Over the years there has been a large amount of research published, many with conflicting results, to the question of a causal link existing between the viewing of televised violence and childhood aggression.   It is an important question because if violent television is linked to childhood aggression we need to adapt our television shows accordingly.    Early 1960's Research    There is earlier research, but the first association between violent television and aggression was in the early 1960's when Albert Bandura began researching his modeling theory.   His series of experiments first set the precedent for a relationship between violent television viewing and aggression.   He felt children would model or imitate adult behavior.   In one study he subjected children to both aggressive and non- aggressive adult models and then tested them for imitative behavior in the presence of the model.   His theory was demonstrated when children readily imitated behavior exhibited by an adult model .. ...al Psychology, 67, 601-607. Eron, L.D. (1963).   Relationship of television viewing habits and aggressive behavior in children.   Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 67, 193-196. Eron, L.D. (1982).   Parent-child interaction, television, violence and aggression of children.   American Psychologist, 37, 197-211. Eron, L.D., Huesmann, L.R., Lefkowitz, M.M. & Walder, L.O. (1972).   Does television violence cause aggression?   American Psychologist, 27, 253-263. Freeman, J.L. (1984).   Effect of television violence on aggressiveness. Psychological Bulletin, 96, 227-246. Friedrich-Cofer, L. & Huston, A.C. (1986).   Television violence and aggression: The debate continues.   Psychological Bulletin, 100, 364- 371. Kaplan, R.M. & Singer, R.D. (1976).   TV violence and viewer aggression: A reexamination of the evidence. Journal of Social Issues, 32, 33-70.

The Battle of the Sexes

The battle of the sexes has raged on as long as anyone can remember. Each sex, at some point, has either wanted or believed they had the upper hand over the other. It can be in the form of a power struggle or manipulation that one sex proves itself dominant over the other. Many times they find that they are evenly matched. The power balance in today’s society is fairly balanced. We have men who show deep feeling and women who are aggressive and harsh. We also have the opposite in both sexes.Science is still working to discover how much our DNA affects our sex in terms of aggressiveness, affections and other factors in relationships. Science has yet to prove that there is a battle of the sexes at genetic level. Therefore much of it is dictated by society and its expectations of a particular sex. These expectations change through time and there are always exceptions to the rules. There was a time when women were dominant in certain areas, such as the household and men were releg ated to dominate out of doors.There are other times where males are completely dominant and the female submissive. The roles change back and forth through time, each time getting a little more evenly balanced between the sexes. For the most part, today’s society see men and women as equals. There are still issues to be addressed but for the most part we are equal in almost everything. The movie â€Å"How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days, is set in present time and shows both sexes as equally driven to succeed. Andi, the main female, is a modern woman who believes most relationships fail because men just don’t understand the female mind.She believes that men allow themselves be driven off due to certain things women tend to do in relationships. She also believes that men don’t want to put forth the effort that a true relationship takes to succeed. She sets out to prove this by betting her boss she can â€Å"lose a guy in 10 days† by doing everything that is usual ly the death of a relationship. She picks out a man named Ben and sets to work. Andi is a modern woman who believes that she is an equal in every way to the male in a relationship and even superior at times.She does everything she can to prove her point. She tries things such as clinging, mentioning marriage, calling his mother and many others. Ben, the main male, believes that women want to fall in love and make that the goal of a relationship when they meet a man. He believes that by telling a woman what she wants to hear and overlooking her â€Å"quirks† men can make any woman fall in love with them. He too makes a bet with his co workers that he can get a woman to fall in love with in 10 days. He picks Andi at the same time she picks him.Both believe that they understand the opposite sex better than the other and can gain the upper hand in a relationship. Ben is shown as an over confident male who thinks ignoring all the things she is doing will make her fall in love him within 10 days. Outwardly he overlooks her buying a dog â€Å"for them†, interrupting his poker games and similar incidents but inwardly he is cringing. He cannot figure out how she turned into such a clingy, needy, marriage minded woman so quickly. Andi, for her part, cannot believe he has not yet called the relationship off.Both find that without all the games and manipulation, they are on equal ground and the male-female relationship does not have to be a contest and their perceptions of the opposite sex were not always correct. In the movie, â€Å"The Wedding Crashers†, the two main male characters, John and Jeremy, have been breaking hearts for years. They believe that flirting and sex are fine as long as they do not get attached. They portrayed as not believing love is worth the risk you must take to get it. If you fall in love, you get hurt so avoiding commitment of any sort is one of their most basic rules.They crash weddings to pick up bridesmaids, whom they w ill never see again and enjoy woman after woman with no regrets. They are successful in business and do not think of the future as it pertains to love. In the 1990, where this movie is set, men are still portrayed as being a more knowledgeable regarding the opposite sex. They believe if they say the right things and keep it casual they are safe from being pulled into a relationship. The women in the film, Claire and her sister Gloria, approach the male –female relationship from opposite directions.Claire is self assured and believes herself to be too smart to fall for the usual pickup lines and manipulations. She holds herself at a distance to causing men to have to approach her rather than approaching them. Gloria is manipulative and aggressive. She is a cheerful and persistent pursuer and does not allow herself to be deterred. Both women reflect the modern woman in different ways. Claire shows it with her self assurance and Gloria with her belief that she can be the aggress or in a relationship. Both are facets of the era we live in and there is no right or wrong in these representations.As the characters find out, both sexes can be the user or the used, depending on the circumstance. Claire has the power to draw the men to her by being aloof or unobtainable, thereby issuing a challenge to the males to overcome her barriers. She is diplomatic but does not meet a man halfway. She likes to control the situation on her terms. Gloria is the complete opposite of her sister and goes after her chosen man with using all her wiles. She is sweet one minute and throwing a tantrum the next, all the while keeping her intended fascinated by her mercurial moods.She has no problem initiating sex and as with most present day women, is not afraid to admit she has a sex drive. Claire is not a prudish woman but chooses more carefully then her impulsive sister. Gloria tends to be needier than Claire, clinging to her chosen man because she worries her clinging will drive hi m off. Claire is presented as a strong woman who will take only the right man and not just anyone who happens along. When John falls for Claire, Jeremy is stunned and dismayed. He urges John to remember the rules they followed. , who wants an immediate commitment from him.While John is trying to woo Claire, who remains just out of reach, Jeremy is targeted by Gloria. She begins to pursue him so intensely that she frightens him. The couples are shown as opposites of each other with the female aggressor in one relationship and the male aggressor in the other. It shows the modern day balance that both sexes have worked hard to achieve and maintain. The results are both couples finding out that both mixes work and they really want to continue their . relationships. The Philadelphia Story is set in the 40s and the main female, Tracy Lord, is a rich, spoiled woman used to getting her way.She has beauty and she has money and that is what really matters in that society. With those two thing s, she can treat a man anyway she likes and be admired for it. People consider her strong and willful but consider it her right to be so. Of all the characters in this movie, the female Tracy, wields most of the power. While the husbands are given certain due simply because they are men, she uses all the expected female wiles and they capitulate. The males are shown as expected to cater to the woman’s whims because she is a rich and beautiful prize.The female acts as she is expected to and in return makes demands of the men that must be filled, lest she move on to the next beau. This was an age of romance as well and both men and women were portrayed as romantic at heart. The males are also shown as having a softer side. Tracy breaks up with her groom, George, because he misunderstood a situation and didn’t believe what she told him happened. He storms out, leaving a church full of wedding guests and everything set to go. Another man offers to step in but it is ex husb and Dexter, who has been in love with her since they divorced, who marries Tracy.In the time of â€Å"The Philadelphia Story† women were expected to draw the men to them, rather than pursue them openly. There were always exceptions to this rule, especially for the extremely wealthy. Women were to be ladylike at all times, however, this gave them power even as it took some from them. Men could openly pursue a lady but if she chose to play coy or hard to get, they would have to work hard to win her favor. Men were portrayed as sophisticated and suave. They were the aggressors, but only to the point that they be the chosen one.They still had to curry favor from the female to keep her as their prize. Women were admired more for wealth, beauty and elegance in those days than for intelligence or imagination. Today’s expectations of the sexes are much different for most people. Women are accepted as equally intelligent, imaginative and brave. We now have women in combat; this does not reflect on them as women, it enhances their appeal. Men are doing cooking shows and designing clothing. There are still diving lines in some areas but we are making progress as shown in the films and in life.Blustain, S. (2000, November). The New Gender Wars. Psychology Today, 33, 42. Cohan, S. (1997). Masked Men: Masculinity and the Movies in the Fifties. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. Connell, Robert William: Gender and Power, Cambridge: University Press 1987 Essentials of Sociology (2005) Appelbaum,R. , Duneier, M. & Giddius, A. Website: http://www2. wwnorton. com/college/soc/essoc/reviews/ch09. asp Galician, M. (2004). Sex, Love & Romance in the Mass Media: Analysis & Criticism of Unrealistic Portrayals & Their Influence. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days (2003) starring Kate Hudson, Matthew McCaughey and Adam Goldberg. Directed by Donald Petrie, Paramount Studios The Philadelphia Story (1940) starring Katherine Hepburn, C ary Grant and James Stewart, Directed by George Cukor, Warner Bros. The Wedding Crashers (2005) starring Owen C Wilson, Vince Vaughn, Christopher Walkin Directed by David Dobkin, New Line Home Entertainment Channel 14 Battle of the Sexes Website: http://www. channel4. com/science/microsites/B/battle_sexes/ Wikipedia (2007): Culture and Gender Roles Website: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gender_role#Culture_and_gender_roles

Counter-Terrorism Strategies

The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam were founded in 1976 with the aim of championing for the Tamil people of Sri Lanka-Hindus who comprise about 18% of the total population against the Buddhist Sinhalese who make up the majority of the population (Rabasa, pp. 68). To fight for the formation of an independent state curved out from Sri Lanka, they have repeatedly waged war using guerrilla, conventional, and terrorist tactics and have attacked military, government and civilian targets.One major unit that specializes in terrorist attacks is the Black Tigers who often commit suicide during such attacks. The Irish Republican Army (IRA) is a terrorist organization founded in the year 1916 and has conducted many violent and terrorism campaigns against the British authorities in the Northern Ireland for a long time since 1916 . The current operations of the army is based on a kind of rules of war in which for instance warnings of an imminent bomb attack are provided followed by a certain cod e that acts as a verification of the legitimacy of the warnings.The bombings have been targeted to disrupt the lives of British people so that the organization can continue obtaining financial support from associate countries though this is anticipated to change. The range of bombs used by the terrorists include small devices made from high explosives which have been provided by foreign associates or stolen and large improvised bombs based on Ammonium . A renewed ceasefire declared in 1997 by the IRA was far from being comprehensive since it only refrained them from attacking the security forces and therefore the IRA continued to launch brutal attacks against Roman Catholics .Different strategies have therefore been employed to combat terrorism both in Sri Lanka and Northern Ireland. These strategies exhibit some differences as well as a number of similarities. This paper will compare and contrast these strategies adopted by the authorities to suppress acts of terrorism propagated b y the Tamil Tigers in Sri Lanka and the IRA in Northern Ireland. The strategies adopted by the authorities to suppress acts of terrorism in Sri Lanka and Northern Ireland differ on several facets.Firstly, the authorities in Sri Lanka have predominantly used military force to combat the violent acts propagated by Tamil Tiger rebels. In contrast, the British government have applied extensive legislative measures to suppress the terrorist organization, the Ireland Republican Army in Northern Ireland. There are several examples of legislation by the British government. It is worth noting that since its formation, Northern Ireland has been in a state of emergency and the Civil Authorities Act of 1922 was passed only a year after its partition .In the 1970s the British government perceived an imminent possibility of the violence in Northern Ireland spiraling out of control and therefore it expeditiously introduced the Northern Ireland Emergency Provisions Act (EPA) in 1973 . This Act was a milestone since it paved way for a number of new measures including increased power for the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) and Army to arrest any terrorism suspect.In addition, the Act allowed the formation of non-jury courts specially for conducting trials on those accused of terrorism and also it provided for the prohibition of all terrorist organizations. As another and more advanced measure to suppress acts of terrorism, the British Parliament quickly passed the Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA) in 1974 after the deadly Birmingham pub bombings by the IRA . The PTA also served to extend the measures undertaken by the EPA throughout the UK by the virtue of introducing more powers with regard to interrogation and detention.These two major Acts had extreme provisions and therefore they were originally designed to be temporary though the government fully understood the dynamic nature of terrorism and therefore was committed to renew them until they were eventually replaced by more permanent provisions of the Terrorism Act of 2000 . The effectiveness of such legislation can be seen particularly from the implementation of Northern Ireland Emergency Provisions Act in 1973 which gave the military power to arrest and detain suspects temporarily and also search homes in the absence of warrants.The culmination of such a move was that hundreds of people were detained and more than 250,000 homes searched during which thousands of hidden weapons were discovered and seized by the military . These legislation paved way for a number of methods in curbing terrorism in Northern Ireland. These methods include criminalisation, internment without trial, Diplock courts and the supergrass system in which the policies of each focus on punishing those accused of crimes related to terrorism with unwanted or unforeseen effects .Therefore, the legislative measures adopted by the British government to combat Ireland Republican Army’s terrorist actions forced it to alter its ow n legislative avenue to make it commensurate with the political violence in the Northern Ireland by both taking extreme steps and first making their provisions temporary. In contrast to such legislative approaches to ending terrorism, the government of Sri Lanka can be said to have mostly applied military force combined with very few harsh legislative measures when compared to those adopted against IRA by British government.It is important to remember that when it attained its independence in 1948, Sri Lanka was not prepared to deal with even minor protests leave alone such large terrorist groups as Tamil Tigers which developed gradually over time. This was due to the small number of police and military in addition to inadequate equipment and lack of a firm organizational structure. There are several incidences which demonstrate that the government has employed force in terms of military action as well as legislation as major strategies against the Tamil rebels.In 1977, before a mon th was over after the UNP government coming to power, an army was sent to wipe out all the people who were organizing a movement to demand for a separate Tamil state . This was purposed to stop the secessionists before the movement became a threat to the government. A similar attack in August 1977 resulted in hundreds of Tamils being killed and thousands left homeless. This was done through the use of force by the police and the military.An example of a legislation against terrorism is the Prevention of Terrorism Act which was passed in 1979 and whose provisions included confessions made out of torture, detention without trial, and conducting searches without warrants . In addition, the Act made crimes such as kidnapping, murder, and abduction punishable by life imprisonment. This legislative approach can however be compared to the one used in Northern Ireland by the British government though it has passed many legislation compared to the situation in Sri Lanka with regard to counte r-terrorism.In the mid 1981, another military-initiated attack against the Tamils occurred which left the group devastated. A major preventive war in 1983 was waged against Tamils by the government to crash them completely following a shift in the balance of power between the Tamils who were secessionists, and the Sri Lankan government . This pogrom had a lot of effects compared to the previous incidences of military action since it was accompanied with the use of violent attacks by organized mob groups which left over 3,000 Tamils brutally killed and 150,000 left homeless .These events are examples which demonstrate the difference in the way the two governments have dealt with terrorism propagated by the two groups. Another major contrast in the strategies to combat the activities of both the Tamil Tigers and the Ireland Republican Army is that the British government in the Northern Ireland has extensively applied contingency measures which include legislation aimed at dealing with biological, chemical or radiological attacks .In Sri Lanka, such measures have hardly been used and instead, legislation to curb terrorism by the Tamil Tigers have been predominantly those that give the military more power and authority to use force. However, a similar case applies in Northern Ireland with regard to use of harsh tactics to arrest and suppress the members of the Ireland Republican Army. The major measure used between 1971 and 1975 was that of using torture during interrogation of suspects who had been subjected to internment without trial .The measure was particularly applied on suspects whom the authorities believed they were potential sources of valuable information which could possibly enable them apprehend more suspects including the masterminds of the terrorist attacks by the IRA. The in depth interrogation as an example of using force on suspects entailed five main techniques including exposure of the terror suspects to a monotonous and continuous loud voice w ith the head covered with a black hood and being forced by means of a button to stand for about six hours at a time against a wall, hands raised above the head with the legs apart for a period of several days.The suspects were also subjected to severe deprivation of food and water and also sleep was denied. However, the European Commission on Human Rights later on judged the method as one constituting an inhuman practice of treating people who have been arrested. This led to the discontinuity of the use of the five techniques following unfavorable publicity . A major similarity in both counter-terrorism strategies is with regard to the attempts to use peaceful means or dialogue which has seen several treaties being signed between the IRA and the British government and between the Sri Lankan government and the Tamil Tigers.The peace agreements have been accompanied by certain promises and conditions such power sharing deals, surrendering of weapons by the rebelling groups including o ther conditions with the purpose of seeking peace. However, a similar scenario witnessed in both cases is that most of the attempts to initiate sustainable peace agreements have in most cases failed due to diverse political, economic or social reasons.A major attempt and a good example of a peace agreement in the Northern Ireland is the Downing Street Declaration which was initiated in December 1993 and which signaled readiness for more dialogue to break the stalemate between all the sides involved in the resolution process including the IRA and Sinn Fein, the Ireland’s oldest political movement . In Sri Lanka, since a new government came to power in 2001, the government has adopted a peace approach to suppress terrorism by the Tamil Tigers in which at least three breakthroughs have been achieved.Among the peace talks have been a disarmament process, agreement on humanitarian measures and most importantly, the readiness of the Tamil Tigers to welcome a federal structure . It can therefore be clearly deduced that there have been practical and viable approaches to counter acts of terrorism by both the Ireland Republican Army and the Tamil Tigers which have been implemented by the governments concerned to try and improve the situation in these countries. A good similarity is that both governments have tried peace agreements though most have not elicited sustainable outcomes.Another similarity is seen in the use of force though the kind of force used against IRA is seen to be mostly applied after suspects have been apprehended in an effort to gather useful information from them. The force used on Tamil Tigers is predominantly military action. The biggest contrast between the strategies in both situations is that a lot of sustainable legislative measures have been adopted against the IRA with only one major legislation being implemented against the Tamil Tigers. Bibliography Bjorgo, Tore. Root causes of terrorism: myths, reality and ways forward.New York: Ro utledge, 2005. Brenner, Edgar H and Yonah Alexander. Uks Legal Responses to Terrorism. New York: Routledge, 2003. Derkins, Susie. The Irish Republican Army. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, 2003. Dos Santos, Anne Noronha. Military intervention and secession in South Asia: the cases of Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Kashmir, and Punjab. New York: Anne Dos Santos, 2007. Geraghty, Tony. The Irish War: the hidden conflict between the IRA and British Intelligence. New York: JHU Press, 2000. Houen, Alex. Terrorism and modern literature, from Joseph Conrad to Ciaran Carson.New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. Martin, Gus. Essentials of Terrorism: Concepts and Controversies. New York: SAGE, 2010. Rabasa, Angel. Beyond al-Qaeda: The outer rings of the terrorist universe. New York: Rand Corporation, 2006. Shanahan, Timothy. The provisional Irish Republican Army and the morality of terrorism. Salt Lake City: Edinburgh University Press, 2009. Sluka, Jeffrey A. Death squad: the anthropology of state terror. Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000. Wallis, Geoff, Mark Connolly and Margaret Greenwood. Rough guide to Ireland. Dublin City: Rough Guides, 2003.

Leadership In Teamwork Essay

Leadership plays a significant role in the actualization of the set objectives and goals of organization. A leader is someone who has motivates the members in an organization in working towards effectively attaining the set objectives and goals of the organization. Hence, he poses the purveyor of punishment and rewards as a way of deterring laziness and encouraging hard work. Thus, a leader stares the members of the organization and keep them focused on the set objectives and goals of the organization. There are different leadership styles that are exhibited as the leader operates in the organization. These include: democratic leadership style, autocratic, free rein, and situational or transformational leadership. A democratic leader is one that that respects the views of members and adopts their input in making a final decision for the organization. This type of leader welcomes opinions from his subordinates and seeks their views on vital matters concerning the progression of the organization. On the other hand an autocratic leader is someone who does all the decisions in the organization by himself. He has little or no trust on the ability of subordinates. He or she tends to compel workers to abide by his or her decisions whether they are pleasing or not. Leize faire or free rein leadership style is one that gives maximum freedom to workers to make discretions of their own pertaining on how they choose to work or operate. He has little contribution to make on the pattern of steering the workers in working towards meeting the organization’s objectives and goals. Thus, he is regarded as a figure head. A situational or transformational leader is someone that adapt to changes in the environment in which he operates in. a transitional leader don’t have a fixed characteristics but adopt a leadership style that is most relevant in effectively meeting the organization’s objectives and   goals. This leadership style is considered as most effective as the leader will adapt to the changes in the environment by cultivating the right attitude towards motivating the workers in meeting the organization’s goals and objectives. A transformational leader adopts or transform to a given characteristic (either the X variables or Y variables in McGregor theory) depending on the situation. (Wetheim 2005). The transformational leader becomes more effective in periods of uncertainties and high level of instability in the environment. According to Gellis (2001), cited in Mizrahi & Berger (2005), â€Å"with organizational changes administrators find themselves balancing an internal and an external focus simultaneously. Whereas some administrators rise above the challenges and continue to provide positive leadership, others may become overwhelmed by chaos and pressure and turn negative. Still others may attempt to survive by accommodating and adjusting to the environment, exhibiting the traits of transactional leader†.   A transformational leader thus, tends to survive in an environment where there is high level of changes. This is attained by their ability to adopt the right traits to withstand the changes in the environment. Also a transformational leader, have the capability of motivating workers during period of changes resulting from alliances, merger, takeover or reformation in the management structure of the organization. During such period the workers are vulnerable or incapacitated in making a right decision. Some may truncated into making irrational decision from the fear of loosing their jobs or they can’t cope with the new structure in place. It then boils on the transformational leader to direct and motive these workers into adopting the right attitude in making the transformation in the organization become a success. In this view, Lajara et al (2002), argue that leadership capacity is perhaps the one of the most necessary elements in this process of alliance. The participation of senior managers must go beyond the formulation of a strategy based on alliance, they must personally be engaged and show their commitment and enthusiasm in the alliance. This means that a way in which a leader behaves in situation of transformation or changes in the environment will make low ranked employees see reason why to continue by seeing the relevance of such transformation in the organization. Thus a transformational leader stands to direct his followers in cultivating the right attitude and be motivated in a dynamic environment. REFRENCES Lajara, B. Marco, et al (2002), â€Å"The Role of Human Resource Management in the cooperative Strategy Process† in Human Resource planning. Vol. 25, No. 2 Mizrahi, T. & Berger, C.S. (2005), â€Å"A Longitudinal Look at Social Work leadership in Hospitals: The Impact of a Changing Health Care System† in Health and Social Work. Vol. 30, No. 2 Wertheim, Edward G. (2005), â€Å"Historical Background of Organizational Behavior† http://web.cba.neu.edu/~ewertheim/introd/histroy.htm

Love and Pisces Woman

He is very emotional and always allow himself to be very emotional. He can have a good night sleep and be in a good mood, and less than few hours at work he can be very moody. He does not understand things or try to understand things easily. If you notice him carefully, you will notice what kind of moods he is in. He is a thinker and able to do well at work and always succeed. His normal gestures mean he always look at other people faults, but he will not talk about it. He has the ability to know your thought and able to tell you what you are thinking about. He can mostly memorize all his anger, his loves. They are his important secrets and he will keep them to himself and will never let you know. He is not a very ambition man and careless about his position in society. Wealth does not drawn his attention, because he is not greedy man and as well he thinks money is not something that will last. He could be very careless about his future. He does not like to fight against all odds, but instead following the stream and make life easier. Sometimes because he likes to take an easy path, which cause him very unsteady future. He is kind and slightly lazy, but it is his cute character. He hates rules and regulations. He will never look down on people. He is a polite guy and can be very aggressive when he is mad. He loves to think that he lives in a beautiful world and surround by nice people, so if he finds his world is cruel and not what he expects, he will live in his world instead. His other charm is that he is a funny guy, and it is his real weapon. He can tease you and yet make it looks like one of his joke. Even when he is sad, he still has that funny face, so you could hardly tell if he is mad or depress. He likes to hide his feeling and help other people especially those who need friend or lonely. He will be everything that you want and everything you do not want. He has a chance to make it as much as a chance to fail. He can determine to make it work and can do it well, except he tends to lost his energy with other important things, that’s how he miss many of his good opportunity. He can be happy and content by himself. What he think is important is not â€Å"Love† ,but firm status and stability. He has plenty of love for you. He is a good speaker, as much as he is a good listener. When he is with you, he wants to be happy. He understand his partner’s emotional. He likes to take a long rest and sometimes being alone. If he needs to be alone, try not to disturb him. He is a sensitive, quiet , shy and easily hurt. He wants to feel worthy. He can be mad and noisy, but once he calm down, he will be that happy person again. He is not a jealous or possessive guy, and if he feels jealous he will hide it. He has many friends of both sex, and he care about his friends. He likes to have lots of friends, so you can not get jealous or else you will loose him. He likes beautiful things, so if a pretty woman walk by he will look ,so do not get mad at him knowing this fact. When he is lonely or feeling sad, be close to comfort him. He does not like to take advice,so if you want him to listen or to follow your advice, you have to act as a good sample for him first. He likes a cheery and a smart woman. If you treat him like he is your special person, then he will be that special person for you. He will trust you if he is in love, but try not to over doing it and spoil him too much. You have to know yourself worth all the time too. PISCES WOMAN She likes to be in a dream world than to be in reality. She is weak and sensitive when it’s come to â€Å"Love†. She can cry if her best friend is breaking up, and she can be over excited when her friend gets a new boy friend who is a good looking and rich even it is nothing concerned her at all. You might be surprise to see that she is shy just because she is in love. More or less it will be in Pisces woman. She loves small animal and gifted in training animals. She has sixth senses and she can guess what will happen next, it’s her nature. Even she has a good sixth senses, she can not pick or foreseen her own choice of lover. She can not tell if she meet a sincere guy or a one night stand guy. She likes to buy and pick her own cloths. She likes to dress cute and be cute. Pisces woman tend to be a good looking woman and she has a nice skin. Her hands and feet are small and soft. Pisces woman loves to shop for shoes as if she collects them. She is a hot lady that everyone wants her. Whether she has a man in her life or not , she will never try to over powered any man. It’s not even in her thought. She thinks man can handle things better, and she will make her man feel that way. She is an easy going person, so being with her is easy. She is a confident woman and likes to make people who stay with her happy. She knows how to please and how to comfort a man. If something is wrong, she will try to make other people belief that it’s must be because of someone else, not because of her love one. She will not push her man to be ambition but to make him feel like he should be happy with the way he is now. She is happy with you for what you are now. A Pisces woman , if she has a bad childhood, she will always remember it and it will make her a very unhappy person. She will pity herself and feel sorry for herself. She tends to hurt herself with out knowing it and so vulnerable to drugs (real drugs or just sleeping pills). She has many choices and you can never tell which path she going to take. If you love her , then hold her tight because she never knows why she did what she did or what she will do next. A complex character. You may think she is a shy innocent type and can not hurt anyone, then you are wrong. You might think she is a fragile person who needs protection, wrong again. She has been through a lot, a tough cookie. She is a dreamer and love the word â€Å"Love†, so she is the type who will buy gift for anyone for any occasion, especially if it is a gift for wedding or an anniversary even for someone who she does not know so well. Be very careful if fall in love with Pisces woman. She can be a total different person before and after. She can be an angle before and later a witch, but everyone is not perfect, right? She will be soft and gentle most of the time, so not to worry. She is emotional and extremely sensitive when she frequently got hurt. She is the type who can cry her heart out. She can have a secret fear inside, when she says she does not need anyone. She badly needs someone to protect her, but sometimes she can hide that feeling by being stubborn. She likes to hide her shyness and her weakness from her enemy. She does not like to follow any fixed rules. She can be a good housewife if you know how to handle her. Many men will ask to marry her because she is a 100% woman. If she wants to be sweet, she is a real angles.

Africa for Investors Speech or Presentation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Africa for Investors - Speech or Presentation Example This paper is an informative speech about Africa. Since time in memorial we have had a perception that Africa is the darkest continent. But has anyone of you taken an initiative to research more about Africa? As I stand here I hope there is no one amongst you branding me an African ambassador. It’s just that I have visited one of the African countries and done more research about other African countries.   I have been to South Africa. Do not ask me whether I saw the lions and the monkeys because there are more to that than you can imagine. From the profound glades and mountains, the flowers, the rivers, hills and the valleys, the seas and the deserts delineate the phase of the Dark Continent.   From the beaches which thaw the coldness we experience during the winter. The heavy equatorial rainfalls and the rumbling of the summer thunders are enough to shake hell out of you. Africa is defined by unique sceneries and dramatic structures that shape out the landscape. Their str ict culture and love for visitors, is enough to send an eternal happiness down ones’ spinal cord. The quiet and calm forests bring a sense of restoration from our rather noisy environment. With all the beauty described, I still wonder why some of us have a negative attitude towards Africa! Sometimes in fear, I have been left flagger basted whether one should concede to the war-torn nations. Fear is the biggest enemy for development. In particular fear for the unknown.  Sometimes in fear, I have been left flagger basted whether one should concede to the war-torn nations. Fear is the biggest enemy for development. In particular fear for the unknown. Africa is beautiful, it is amazing and it is a good ground for investments. From my research it is true that there are some countries which suffer pain of aggressive conflict. These include; Libya, Somali, Egypt, Ivory Coast, Algeria and democratic republic of Congo. Let us now turn to the hard facts. There are about 54 nations in Africa. The countries with related conflicts do not exceed 10 in number. We are left with approximately 46 peaceful African countries. It should not be forgotten that the causes of the conflicts are simple, which might need our intervention in a more noble way. Poverty, leadership wrangles, the vast rich resources and human degradation are some of the things that leave Africans in persistent shadow of despair. For those who read the bible we are told to be our brother’s keeper. How can we be termed as children of God if we cannot empathize with the plight of our fellow people? Ladies and gentlemen, as we are gathered here facts must be told! Though it may sound implausible to the skeptics, Africa is ordained to prosper! Let us have a closer look at the some of the countries that were war-torn but peace now reigns within the nations. Despite having some few issues here and there, peace is being restored in Sudan.

Salon Business Management (Beauty Therapy) Examine and assess the Essay

Salon Business Management (Beauty Therapy) Examine and assess the properties, uses, benefits and potential results of using preservatives in the modern salon environment - Essay Example More importantly, the use of preservatives within the salon environment is meant to protect customers from potential negative reactions of cosmetic products on their skin or hair. Depending on the properties of cosmetic preservatives, they may irritate the skin, cause allergic reactions or carcinogenic effects. This means that effective salon business management practices should be focused at ensuring that the preservatives used in the salon are safe to the consumers (Draelos, 2005, p. 58). This paper presents an analytical discussion of various preservative products that are used within the salon environment with a view of illustrating their properties and uses in skin and hair care. The paper also describes the benefits of these preservatives in salon services and the implications of using them within the contemporary salon environment. Antioxidants are common preservatives for cosmetic products, which are commonly used in contemporary salon environments for their effective protective properties. Antioxidants act by inhibiting the oxidation of microorganisms and other molecules (Gray & Gummer, 2000, p. 124). The antioxidant properties of these preservatives make them suitable for protecting hair and skin care products from contamination with microbes. However, the level of protection that is achieved by antioxidants is relatively minimal, when compared to other preservatives. The antioxidant preservatives are commonly used within modern salons, with a goal of preventing rancidity in skin and hair care oils. The contamination of all oil based hair and skin care formulations is prevented when antioxidants are used as preservatives (Antczak & Antczak, 2001, p. 98). Pynogenol is an example of antioxidant that is used within salon environments. This antioxidant is used to strengthen collagen in hair and skin and blood v essels. This preservative is therefore used as an anti-aging agent (Michalun & Michalun, 1994). The use of antioxidants within modern

Humanistic Era Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Humanistic Era - Essay Example National Labor Relations Act, also called the Wagner Act was introduced in 1935. This act gained existence in the period of Great Depression. Due to Great Depression, the employers have to minimize their functionalities, due to which, employees faced career uncertainty. Unions got active in order to support employees to get their rights. According to Jackson and Mathis (2007), collective bargaining was promoted by the US government under the Wagner act. The employees were not required to be a part of labor union to get their rights as they had the right.According to Bohlander and Snell (2009), the Wagner Act highlighted certain unjust labor actions such as persecution of employees in terms of using their rights, keeping bias against the workers and rejection of the notion of collective bargain for opting for the workers’ spokespersons.TheoristsMary Parker Follett informed in her theory that management should be authoritative with employees or not over them. Employees and emplo yers should form a relationship in which, they share authority and make decisions likewise. In this manner, processing and business functions will be eased out. She introduced the term participative management in her essay, â€Å"The Giving of Orders†.  Ã‚   Huston and Marquis (2008), inform about the theorist, Elton Mayo and his Harvard acquaintances who introduced Hawthorne effect. Like McGregor and Elton Mayo, Chris Argyris also claimed that authoritative behavior from the management’s side disheartens the employees and affect their performance.

Public resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Public resource management - Essay Example The Council plays a strategic role which is beyond the constricted confines of acting merely as providers of social housing. The Westminster Council Management has on the other hand, continually recognized the importance of local authority by getting involved in an outward looking approach and being part of the broader roles that range from social to economic perspectives (Hyman, 2010). The Westminster Council has at all times acted in various capacities as a facilitator, co-coordinator and as a financial source and delegate in acquiring the needed service from other stakeholders. In particular, the Planning and Housing Departments have worked well together by using their powers, part of which includes compulsory purchase aimed at attaining the match needed effort of reduced housing shortage outcomes. Beyond service delivery, Westminster is the centre of national government. This is reflected in the number of workers in the public sector, in the city. Tourism activities and entertain ment related industries have been identified as potential employers. To this extent, serving as the economy’s driver, considering that Westminster is well known for its ever growing sector in the West End region. Market forces that are experienced globally have an impact on valuation, and availability of accommodation and this is well replicated in this city. This can be viewed in the way government regulations set to control council practices. To a large extent, they have been instrumental as they have worked beyond management of the Westminster Council as well as adopted policies of the Greater London Authority in determining the desired quality of affordable housing. Decisions made by the private sector landlords and investors can be influenced by limited extent by the local authority itself in seeking solutions to housing ills. It therefore, remains clear for the commission to direct its recommendations to these other targets within the Great London but in particular focu s on Westminster City Council (Palmer, Kenway and Wilcox, 2006). Background Information Westminster was incorporated in 1911. The city’s progressive council is recognized for excellent performance in management and full delivery of services to businesses and the neighboring community. All this is achieved without additional help from either districts or taxing authorities (Hyman, 2010). The report explores layers of complexity that undermine the good intentions in solving housing problems. Apart form handling housing issues, Westminster Council is responsible in providing parking space, recreational venues, and library and water services to the residents aw well as waste collection services and security to the city dwellers. Budget Development Objectives Westminster, as any other organization, has its own consideration that has been behind repeated success and growth of the council. This has been an influential means of raising the council’s operational efficiency in t he previous years. However, it is vital to realize that not any of the recognized ideas can be accomplished if there are no clear financial limitations built in the budgeting process from the beginning. In formulating a realistic budget, Westminster’s strategies are often based on four major dimensions. These are: The council management, planners and interested stakeholders have to identify